deNår t gjelder konkrete historiske beviser er det få å refferere til, men det er som sagt nok av hint og antydninger.... det nærmeste historisk bevis må jo være at islenderne har integrert ordet berserk i navnet på fluesopp..


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_muscaria
Berserker rages

"The notion that Nordic Vikings used A. muscaria to produce their berserker rages was first suggested by the Swedish professor Samuel Ödman in 1784.[84] Ödman based his theories on reports about the use of fly agaric among Siberian shamans. The notion has become widespread since the 19th century, but no contemporary sources mention this use or anything similar in their description of berserkers. Today, it is generally considered an urban legend or at best speculation that cannot be proven. On the whole, muscimol, the psychoactive ingredient, is a mild relaxant, but it is widely known, as with all drugs that it can create a range of reactions within a range of people [85] and it is possible that it could make a person incredibly angry, as well as make them "very jolly or sad, [jump] about, [dance], [sing] or [give] way to great fright". [86]"

<----hint og antydninger (fra gammelt av)



http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/dec99.html

"These mushrooms were effectively used by the Vikings when they were getting ready to invade a land. The Vikings essentially turned off their fear emotions, thus gaining their reputation for their fierceness. The people of many cultures of northern Europe lived in constant fear of invasion. Vikings would enter a village fearlessly, wreak havoc among the people and carry off the women. Before entering battle, the Vikings would go through a religious ritual in which they would dance around the woods and consume Amanita muscaria. So the main reason the Vikings were able to fight without fear is that they were on drugs! For this reason the Vikings were also known as the berserkers."


http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=8188

"I can’t help but reiterate to the reader that just because some modern people cannot seem to consistently feel the same effects from A. muscaria as is postulated the ancients did in no way should lessen the theory of A. muscaria being the divine Soma of the 4000 year old Rigveda and one of the world oldest religious tools. As is well know shamanism didn’t just mean kicking back after the ingestion of an entheogen, the way which many moderns work with entheogens. Instead archaic man was very proficient in many techniques to alter their state of awareness, and these no doubt where used in combination with the mushroom, thereby altering the purely psychopharmacological effects of the mushrooms alkaloids. Modern man is also much more familiar with strong synthetic chemical hallucinogens. In our age of LSD, Psilocybin, and DMT we can’t help but feel that anything less than the experiences these produce could be considered powerful. But to the ancient Siberians, whose familiarity with stronger entheogens was nonexistent, an Amanita experience, which can induce both heaven and hell, would certainly take on Godly proportions. Might it even be possible that as the earliest waves of archaic man past over the present day Americas they brought with them their Amanita traditions, nesting in a few spots such as the Pacific Northwest, Canada, the Great Lakes region, Mexico, and Guatemala, and that some sought out new allies in Psilocybe, Datura, and Cactaceae species as well as in Yage, and Ebena. Our reference for a Godly entheogenic experience has changed from that of archaic mankind. Many believe this mushroom lacks entheogenic value, but history has shown that it has long been valued by mankind, throughout Europe, Siberia, and in the Americas. I think it is unwise to compare our western philosophical understanding of A. muscaria to that of the religio-magical experiences of the ancients. This is a powerful mushroom that deserves our respect and attention for possibly being the ancient source for that which makes us human."


http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=8720

"Fly agaric is also the kind of mushroom that Vikings took to enter the "beserker" state for battle. The Icelandic name for the fly agaric contains the word 'berserk' in it."



http://cannabisculture.com/articles/3136.html

"Modern Christmas traditions are based on ancient mushroom-using shamans."



http://video.google.com/videoplay?do...68493586165660

"sacred weeds serien, informativt."



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berserk..._berserkergang

en smule andre teorier som i bunn og grunn bare støtter opp under en teori om et spessielt blandingsforhold/sammensetning av diverse stoffer.


Så som sagt ikke mange beviser men mange teorier... går mye på ordtaket "ingen røyk uten ild"..


Angående giftigheten i fluesopp er det jo gjerne derfor du renser deler av systemet ved å spy opp restematerialene etter inntak, giftigheten vedvarer men da i mindre overkommelige mengder, men nødvendig er det ikke.

Og om du inntar en deliriums gift/gift genrelt kan du da heller ikke forvente at gjentatt inntak vil ha annet enn negative effekter på kroppen din...måtehold er også en faktor...


peace out-